نوع مقاله : علمی ـ پژوهشی
نویسنده
دانشجوی دکتری فلسفه و کلام اسلامی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
Spiritual sharing of being is one of the foundational principles of Islamic philosophy. The central question is whether "being" has a single, unified meaning applicable to various essences and subjects, or if "being" encompasses multiple concepts, with each subject corresponding to a specific meaning, and their only commonality being the term "being". This issue has been more extensively addressed in the Peripatetic tradition of Islamic philosophy, creating the context for theories such as the primacy of existence (asalat al-wujud) and gradation of existence (tashkik al-wujud) in Transcendent Philosophy (Hikmat al-Muta’aliya). Moreover, spiritual sharing of being serves as a fundamental epistemological basis in theology, contributing to discussions on the semantics of divine attributes, the language of religion, and more. Thus, this issue is among the critical questions that have attracted the attention of Muslim philosophers. This study aims to provide a report on the scholarly dialogue between Ibn Sina (Avicenna) and Fakhr al-Din al-Razi regarding the univocity of being and its supporting arguments. What are the arguments for univocity, and what critiques and affirmations are associated with each of them? The findings of this research indicate that philosophers, by classifying existence into different categories and considering the distinction between existence and essence as well as other arguments, have substantiated their claim of synonymy of being. Nevertheless, Ibn Sina, while adhering to the theory of synonymy of being , also attempts to address the concerns of its opponents by embracing the conceptual gradation of being. This means that while the concept of being is shared, its application to different essences is not entirely uniform.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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