Critical Analysis of the Nature and Factors Affecting Disposition in Ibn Sina's Ethical School

Document Type : Scholarly Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student in Islamic philosophy and theology, Imam Sadiq University, Tehran, Iran .

2 Associate Professor, Department of Islamic philosophy and theology, Imam Sadiq University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

An existential analysis of dispositions is a significant matter. Based on this perspective, the place of dispositions within the soul and its impact on the theoretical and practical aspects of human life is explained philosophically. This paper intends to examine this issue from Avicenna's perspective. According to him, the essence of dispositions is formed in the relationship between the soul and the body through faculties. If the practical intellect has a superior position relative to the animal faculties, the soul acquires a mediating disposition; and if the superior position belongs to the animal faculties, a disposition of excess or deficiency befalls the soul. This occurrence takes place through the Active Intellect and with three preparatory causes: addiction, temperament, and society, and it has an impact on both the theoretical and practical aspects of the soul. In the theoretical realm, if the soul is purified, it becomes more prepared to receive the intelligible. In the practical realm, the formation of dispositions leads to the continuity of action and the formation of habits, which can determine subsequent dispositions. Despite Avicenna's more precise explanation of this issue compared to previous philosophers, since he considers the soul to be purely immaterial and the changes in the soul to be of the type of accidental changes, he cannot provide a suitable explanation of how human beings can be perfected through dispositions.

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Avecinnian Philosophy Journal
Volume 28, Issue 71
April 2024
Pages 137-157

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